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Koca Sinan Pasha ((アルバニア語:Sinan Pasha Topojani); 1506 – 3 April 1596) was an Ottoman grand vizier, Ottoman military figure, and statesman. From 1580 till his death he served five times as Grand Vizier. ==Life== Sinan Pasha, also known as ''Koca Sinan'' (Sinan the Old), was born in Topojan in Luma territory and was of Albanian origin. Austrian orientalist Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall called him the ‘‘unbridled Albanian’’.〔 Sinan Pasha was appointed governor of Ottoman Egypt in 1569, and was subsequently involved until 1571 in the conquest of Yemen, becoming known as ''Fātiḥ-i Yemen'' (Victor of Yemen).〔 In 1580, Sinan commanded the army against the Safavids in the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590), and was appointed grand vizier by Sultan Murad III. He was, however, disgraced and exiled in the following year, owing to the defeat of his lieutenant Mehmed Pasha, at Gori (during an attempt to provision the Ottoman garrison of Tbilisi). He subsequently became governor of Damascus and, in 1589, after the great revolt of the Janissaries, was appointed grand vizier for the second time. He was involved in the competition for the throne in Wallachia between Mihnea Turcitul and Petru Cercel, and ultimately sided with the former (overseeing Petru's execution in March 1590). Another revolt of Janissaries led to his dismissal in 1591, but in 1593 he was again recalled to become grand vizier for the third time, and in the same year he commanded the Ottoman army in the Long War against the Habsburgs, he was faced with massive casualties on the northern front, which was weakened by the death of Bosniak commander Hasan-paša Predojević during the Battle of Sisak. In 1594 after crushing of the Uprising in Banat, he had the relics of Saint Sava taken from their depository, including the remains of Sava,〔Velimirovic, p. 159〕 and burned in Belgrade (at the location of present-day Church of Saint Sava) in reprisal for Serbian treasonous allegiance to the Habsburg Empire.〔 In spite of his victories he was again deposed in February 1595, shortly after the accession of Mehmed III, and banished to Malkara. In August, Sinan was in power again, called on to lead the expedition against Prince Michael the Brave of Wallachia. His defeat in the Battle of Călugăreni, the Battle of Giurgiu, and the series of unsuccessful confrontations with the Habsburgs (culminating in the devastating siege and fall of Ottoman-held Esztergom), brought him once more into disfavour, and he was deprived of the seal of office (19 November). The death of his successor Lala Mehmed Pasha three days later caused Sinan to become grand vizier for the fifth time. He died suddenly in the spring of 1596, leaving behind a large fortune. Sinan Pasha is buried in Istanbul near the Grand Bazaar.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Koca Sinan Pasha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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